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Some commercial and industrial buildings can reach heights of more than sixty stories. Apparently, when these buildings are being constructed, they require equally tall cranes to be able to transport the supplies to the upper floors. There are cranes which are operated from the rear of trucks or other types that have their own vehicle connected. Tower cranes are the biggest ones available on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures seen as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. When new construction like for example apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like for example shopping center are being constructed, odds are a crane will be on site.
Kinds
There are two different kinds of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries items. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to downward or upward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds can vary from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of individual parts. So as to increase the overall height of the machine, sections are added. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane utilizes a braided metal cord to be able to lift materials. This cord extends out from a motor located near the control module to the end of the jib or boom. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the tower's opposite side. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy supplies are lifted.
The hydraulic truck crane is a particular mobile crane which utilizes hydraulic power to lift and move thousands of pounds. Hydraulics makes use of forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are vital in constructing major projects such as airports, bridges, streets and buildings. A crane can accomplish in minutes jobs that will normally take hundreds of men and many hours to complete.
These impressive machinery have played a very important role in building cities, houses, individual buildings and entire nations throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were probably constructed utilizing basic cranes to enable the heaviest supplies in one of the most amazing construction projects of all time.
The first cranes were established during 3000 B.C. Egypt in the reign of King Ramses. This lifting device was originally utilized to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were used to create a whole country during the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were originally made out of wood. The designs of cranes started to change when dockyards began to require stronger and bigger machines. Hick & Rothwell designed the first cast iron cranes during 1834, in Bolton, England. This machinery could lift up to 2 tons. That very same year, wire ropes were added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition allowed cranes to have a bigger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. 4 years later, Germany began to build cast iron cranes. The very first cast iron crane built by Germany was built within Neuburg.
